Farm mechanization helps farmers in hard laborious works and saves time, reducing the crop production costs in the long run, post-harvest losses and increases crop output and farm income altogether. Realistic evidence proves that there is a quite strong correlation between farm mechanization and agricultural productivity. States and Countries with a greater available farm power show higher productivity compared to others. The increasing threat to natural resources, particularly to land and water, has further increased requirement of switching to machine assisted conservation techniques such as zero-tillage, raised-bed planting, precision farming, sprinkler irrigation etc. Farm mechanization has now become more significant in justifying the effect of climate change by re-adapting crop sowing schedules. For example, the climate change-driven early onset of summers in the northern states has often resulted in a drop in wheat yield and also one week’s delay in its planting after middle of the November. This loss can be prevented by sowing wheat seeds early, and it can be possible only by harvesting previous paddy crop mechanically and wheat can be planted with zero-till seed drills that do not require to plough the land using a mould-board plough or disc plough. A greater amount of farm equipment can also solve the issues of shortage of farm labor during peak seasons of sowing and harvesting in agriculture. Many farm equipment like a tractor and combine harvester, even being high in cost are very popular in farmers for buying or even hiring on rent. Farm machinery like Power tillers are much popular in lowland flooded rice fields and other hilly terrains. Steady growth can be seen in manually operated tools, tractor implements and other equipment operated by mechanical and electrical power sources. If we talk about the manually operated equipment, the sale of sprayers has almost doubled in past few years Approximately 700-800 combine harvesters are sold per year in India. Tractor driven combine harvester, costing and self-propelled combine, both are ideal to own individually by farmers, however self-propelled multi-crop combine harvester are comparatively high in cost. Farm mechanization has become a dire necessity to reduce labor work in agricultural operations in recent years significantly, but still in India, we can it is still in its early stages.
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February 2022
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